Mikrobiol. Z. 2020; 82(3):22-34. Ukrainian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj82.03.022

Bacteria Associated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi
in the Pathology of Fraxinus excelsior L.

А.F. Goychuk1, I.M. Kulbanska1, M.V. Shvets2

1National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
19 Gen. Rodimtseva Str., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine

2Zhytomyr National Agro-Ecological University
7 Old Boulevard Str., Zhytomyr, 10002, Ukraine

Despite some advances in the study of bacterioses of forest woody plants and their pathogens, systemic relationships between the individual components of micro- and mycobiota that occur at various stages of the pathological process remain insufficiently studied. The pathology of F. excelsior is a multifaceted phenomenon in which the processes of an infectious and non-infectious nature are systemically interconnected, significantly complicating the diagnosis of its underlying causes. The purpose of the article was to elucidate the role and place of phytopathogenic bacteria in the mass dieback of many types of forest woody plants, including common ash, and to study systemic relationships, including antagonistic between the components of mycobacteria and microbiota in bacterial pathology of Fraxinus excelsior. Methods. According to generally accepted phytopathological and microbiological methods, the pathogenic, morphological, cultural, and antagonistic properties of Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi and associated bacteria in the pathology of tuberculosis of F. excelsior were studied. Results. It was established that phytopathogenic bacteria isolated from F. excelsior plants with pathology (P. syringae pv. savastanoi, P. fluorescens, P. syringae, Pseudomonas sp., Erwinia herbicola, E. horticola, Xanthomonas sp.) did not have antagonistic activity to each other and to test-cultures of bacteria. Unlike bacteria, micromycetes (Ulocladium botrytis, Phoma sp., Cladosporium cladosporiodes, Acremonium strictum, Cylindrocarpon didymum, Fusarium sporotrichiella, F. heterosporum, Fusarium sp.) isolated from vegetative and generative organs of F. excelsior, have significant antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic bacteria. In particular, the most active were U. botrytis (average growth inhibition zone – 5.8 mm) and C. cladosporiodes (average growth inhibition zone – 4.9 mm). They suppressed all the test cultures of phytopathogenic bacteria. The activity of other fungi species – A. strictum, F. heterosporum and F. sporotrichiella was selective. The most sensitive to all species of fungi were P. syringae pv. savastanoi isolated from seeds and collection P. syringa 8511 and P. savastanoi 9174 strains. Regarding the effect of phytopathogenic bacteria on micromycetes, we did not reveal their antifungal activity. Research on biological products based on aerobic Bacillus sp. bacteria (which form spores) did not revealed high antimicrobial activity for all studied microorganisms, and their activity depended not only on the type of bacteria, but also on the organ of F. excelsior from which it was isolated. Conclusions. The species composition of bacterial pathogens of forest woody plants is much smaller than that of mycosis pathogens. However, tuberculosis caused by bacterial pathogen P. syringae pv. savastanoi is the most common and dangerous among the infectious diseases of F. excelsior. It was found that Bacillus genus bacteria are able to suppress the adhesion and survival of phytopathogenic P. syringae pv. savastanoi on the surfaces and tissues of test plants, eliminating the pathogen population or decreasing its density with a possible attenuation of properties, the mechanism of which requires further research.

Keywords: Fraxinus excelsior, antagonism, Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi, myco- and microbiota, pathogen.

Full text (PDF, in Ukrainian)

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