Mikrobiol. Z. 2019; 81(6):16-29. Russian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj81.06.016
Enzymatic Activity of Yeast from Antarctic Region
Borzova N.V., Gudzenko O.V., Gladka G.V., Varbanets L.D., Tashyrev A.B.
Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine
154 Akad. Zabolotny Str., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
Unique biodiversity and biotechnological potential of microorganisms in the Antarctic region contributes to the intensive search among them of enzymes producers with new properties and a wide range of stability. The aim of the work was to study the glycosidase activity in 26 strains of psychrotolerant UV-resistant yeast isolated from soil-plant сenosis of the Antarctic and evaluate their biotechnological potential as a producer of enzymes. Methods. Yeast cultures were grown in submerged conditions (15-42°C). Enzymes activities were determined in the culture supernatant. Synthetic monosaccharide derivatives were used to measure glycosidase activity. Casein and elastin-congo red were used as substrates for the determination of proteolytic activity. Results. A spectrum of 12 glycosidase activities (α- and β-D-glucosidase, β-D-galactosidase, β-D-glucuronidase, α-L-fucosidase, α-L-ramnosidase, α-D-mannosidase, α- and β-D-xylosidase, α- and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, β-N-acetylgalactosaminidase) was studied in Antarctic yeast. The most common were β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and β-glucosidase activities (65 and 58% of strains respectively). 4 strains (6p1s, 2299, 31s and 4p5s2) showed high activity of the complex of cellulose-degrading enzymes. 5p5s1 strain, isolated from the Deshampcia antarctica grass, showed high β-D-xylosidase activity (2.8 U/ml). Rhodotorula mucilaginosa 33c strain showed a spectrum of ten activities, including high α-L-rhamnosidase activity (6.2 U/ml). Conclusion. Yeast cultures from the Antarctic phytocenosis can be used for the directional search for microbial glycosidases with new properties and a wide range of activity.
Keywords: glycosidase, yeast, Antarctic, α-L-rhamnosidase.
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