Mikrobiol. Z. 2019; 81(4):90-106. Ukrainian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj81.04.090

Features of the Formation of the Structural and Functional Composition of
the Microbiome of Chernozem Virgin in the Steppe of Ukraine

Patyka N.V.1, Tonkha O.L.1, Sinchenko V.N.2, Honchar A.N.1, Patyka T.I.1

1National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
13 Heroyiv Oborony Str., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine

2Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet, NAAS of Ukraine
25 Clinichna Str., Kyiv, 03141, Ukraine

The aim. Conduct a comprehensive studies of biome resources and the structure of microbial (prokaryotic) diversity, which is formed in chernozem virgin on the example of the Ukrainian natural steppe reserve “Mikhailovskaya virgin”, are presented. Methods. Microbiological - cultivation of microorganisms of various physiological groups on nutrient media, determination of the coefficients of functional orientation. Molecular biological – extraction of total DNA, electrophoretic separation of amplification products of 16S rRNA, analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism, bioinformative analysis. Results. It was found that on average in the 0–40 cm soil layer the highest biogenicity was characterized by the forest belt variant, where the figure reached 39.9 million CFU/g, which is associated with the arrival of a significant amount of plant residues, then in order of decreasing absolute virgin (31.0) → arable land (29.5) → shifting (26.2) → skimming virgin (23.1 million CFU/g). Conclusions. Molecular and biological analysis of the composition of eubacterial cenoses of chernozem revealed a significant dominance of uncultivated species of bacteria in those "absolute virgin" (up to 68%) compared to "plowing" (17%). An analysis of the polymorphism of the prokaryotic complex of chernozem showed a decrease in the biodiversity of the bacterial groups of the soil when used in arable land.

Keywords: natural reserve "Mikhailovskаyа virgin", typical chernozem, metagenomic composition, filotypic structure, prokaryotic complex, tRFLP profile, microbial diversity.

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