Mikrobiol. Z. 2018; 80(6):94-108. Ukrainian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj80.06.094

Functional Structure of Microbial Communities of Deep Chernozem under the Influence
of Hydrothermic and Trophic Factors

Demyanyuk O., Sherstoboeva О., Tkach Ye.

Institute of Agroeсology and Environmental Management, NAAS of Ukraine
12 Metrologichna Str., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine

The aim was to analyze the functional structure of microbiocenosis of deep chernozem, depending on the influence of hydrothermic and trophic factors. Methods. Common methods of microbiology for sowing successive dilutions of a soil suspension to standard nutrient media for determining the number of microorganisms of different functional groups of microbiocenosis. The method of correlation galaxies for determining the consequences of the influence of various factors on the relationship between such groups of microorganisms in soil. Results. In the chernozem of the agroecosystem without fertilizer and with the addition of mineral fertilizers, the total number of microorganisms that interact closely with each other in the community is reduced, as compared to the fallow soil. Regardless of the hydrothermal regime of the application of organic and organomineral fertilizers, the activity of the soil microbiota increases. The most vulnerable to weather effects are microbiocenoses of the soil without fertilization and ander application of mineral fertilizers, as evidenced by the open structures of correlation galaxies with a small number of bonds and low correlation values (r < 0.7). The introduction of organic substances in soil strengthens all the links in microbiocenosis and its functional structure is approaching the structure of the soil of the natural ecosystem. Conclusions. The high dependence of the functional structure of microbiocenosis of the soil and the interaction between microorganisms of different groups on the hydrothermic conditions and the applied fertilizers has been established. Adverse hydrothermic conditions had a significant effect on the functional structure of microbiocenosis of the chernozem, breaking the trophic links between physiological groups of microorganisms. By the actions of elevated air temperatures and a lack of moisture or excess of it in soil, a decrease in strength or bond breakage was observed in microbiocenoses. The soil of the natural ecosystem is characterized by the balance and stability of the functional structure of microbiocenosis to the action of hydrothermical factors. For agroecosystems, a less stable functional structure of microbiocenosis with a low number of bonds and with a high degree of correlation and a simplified structure of the galaxies in unfavorable weather conditions is characteristic.

Keywords: microbial community, deep chernozem, functional structure, correlation galaxy, hydrothermic factors, fertilizer system.

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