Mikrobiol. Z. 2018; 80(4):69-77. Ukrainian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj80.04.069

Mycobiota of Panicum miliaceum L. Grain in Polissya and Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Klyuchevych M.M., Stolyar S.H.

Zhytomyr National Agroecological University
7 Staryy Blv., Zhytomyr, 10002, Ukraine

Aim. Identification of pathogenic mycobiota and its species composition as a result of phytopathological examination of the millet grain. Methods. Samples for the study were selected during 2013 – 2015 in research institutions (research field of ZNAEU and of IAH of Polissya of NAASU) and in agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership of Zhytomyrska, Rivnenska, Vinnytska, Khmelnytska and Chernihivska regions. Commonly used mycological and phytopathological research methods (of enrichment culture and direct inoculation of the samples on the nutrient medium) were used for detection of epiphytic and endophytic mycobiota of grain. Results. It was determined that millet grain was annually attacked by pathogens of fungal etiology in the range from 11 to 45 % in Polissya and from 5 to 50 % in Forest-steppe, which are represented by Sphacelotheca destruens (Schltdl.) J.A. Stev. & Aar. G. Johnson, Bipolaris panici-miliacei (Y. Nisik.) Shoemaker, Fusarium culmorum (W.G. Sm.) Sacc., F. verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg, F. sporotrichioides Sherb., Magnaporthe grisea (T.T. Hebert) M.E. Barr, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl., Ascochyta sp. species. Saprophytic mycobiota was determined: Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenb. and Mucor mucedo Fresen. Spatial frequency of occurrence of micromycete species of millet grain was defined. Bipolaris panici-miliacei (66.7 %) was a dominant species in Polissya. Alternaria alternata (57.1 %) in Polissya and Bipolaris panici-miliacei (31.9 %) in Forest-steppe were attributed as such species which occur frequently. The rest of pathogens was attributed as species with spatial frequency not more than 27.8 %. Conclusions. It was determined that seed material was more infected by pathogenic microorganisms in Polissya than in Forest-steppe, it depended on weather conditions which occurred during the millet growing season. It was defined that the most common seed pathogens are B. panici-miliacei and A. alternata in Polissya and in Forest-steppe of Ukraine.

Keywords: Panicum miliaceum L., grain, mycobiota, species composition, frequency of occurrence.

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