Mikrobiol. Z. 2018; 80(2):67-79. Ukrainian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj80.02.067

Biologically Active Metabolites of Pseudomonas sp. 2303 - Inhibitors
of Phytopathogens and Stimulators of Plants Growth

Klochko V.V.1, Chugunova К.О.1, Kriuchkova L.O.2, Bondar Т.І.3, Fedorenko S.V.2, Avdeeva L.V.1

1Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine
154 Akad. Zabolotny Str., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine

2National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
13 Heroyiv Oborony Str., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine

3Institute of Plant Protection, NAAS of Ukraine
33 Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine

Purpose. Determination of biologically active compounds of the strain Pseudomonas sp. 2303 and assessment of their impact on the plants growth and protection against phytopathogens. Methods. Antagonistic activity, submerged cultivation, thin-layer chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography. Results. Treatment of wheat seeds with the Pseudomonas sp. 2303 provided a reduction of fusariosis root rot development by 42.4 – 50.8 %. The synthesis of pyrrolnitrin, a heterocyclic compound with fungicidal activity, was revealed. It was shown that Pseudomonas sp. 2303 synthesized phytohormones-stimulants such as auxins and cytokinins. The effectiveness of these phytohormones was confrmed with specific biotests, in which a stimulation of the wheat growth by 7 - 15 % was observed. The amount of synthesized ethylene was 16.5 nM/h/g. The main exoacid was lactic acid, whose portion was 90 % of the total pool of organic acids formed by the strain. It was shown the nematocidal activity of Pseudomonas sp. 2303 that was able to cause a death of 10 - 15 % of phytoparasites and saprobiotic nematodes by 24 h. Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid at 200 μg/ml led to the death of 30 % and 100 % of nematodes after 1 h and 24 h, correspondingly, while no nemastatic activity was observed. Conclusion. According to the set of established perculiarities the strain Pseudomonas sp. 2303 is a typical representative of rhizospheric bacteria that stimulate the plants growth. High antagonistic activity against various groups of phytopathogenic microorganisms, as well as the synthesis of antibiotics and phytohormonal compounds, let to consider the strain Pseudomonas sp. 2303 as a basis for the creation of biological preparations against pathogens and for stimulation of the growth and development of agricultural plants.

Keywords: PGPR-bacteria, Pseudomonas, auxins, cytokinins, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, pyrrolnitrin, growth-stimulating activity.

Full text (PDF, in Ukrainian)

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