Mikrobiol. Z. 2017; 79(6):55-70. Ukrainian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj79.06.055

Changes in Photosynthetic Apparatus of Legumen Crops under Damage by
Infectant of Bacteriosis and Phytoplasmosis

Huliaieva H.B., Tokovenko I.P., Pasichnyk L.A., Shcherbyna T.M.

Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine
154 Akad. Zabolotny Str., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine

Purpose. Investigations of the dynamics of changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of leaves under the infuence of artifcial infection of leguminous plants Galega orientalis L. and Medicago L. with phytopathogenic microorganisms of various taxonomic groups: the causative agent of bacteriosis − Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens D13 and the causative agent of phytoplasmosis − Acholeplasma laidlawii var. granulum 118. Methods. The cultivation of bacteria and mycoplasmas, as well as the preparation of bacterial and mycoplasmal suspension, were carried out using conventional methods, artifcial plant inoculation with the obtained suspensions have been performed by subepidermal injection. Photochemical activity of the leaves was determined with the method of chlorophyll a fuorescence induction, and spectrometry have been applied for the concentration of photosynthetic pigments determination. For statistical measure, MS Excel was used. Results. Data on the efect of phytopathogenic microorganisms of various taxonomic groups are summarized: P. syringae pv. atrofaciens D13 and A. laidlawii var. granulum 118 on the state and activity of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants Galega orientalis L. and Medicago L. It has been established that even before the appearance of visual signs − on the 4th day after beginning infection, have been observed decrease of the efciency of light-phase of photosynthesis, which have been occurred due to a reduction of the electron acceptor pool in electron transport chain PSII photosynthetic apparatus of leaves of the host plant, that after 14 days have been lead to signifcant photophysical changes and inhibition of the photosynthetic efciency in the leaves. The detected photophysical changes refected a decrease in the chlorophyll a content at infection by phytopathogens in all variants. Conclusions. Artifcial infection of leguminous plants with phytopathogens of diferent taxonomic groups leads to a decrease in the efciency of accumulation of the energy of the light quanta of the photosynthetic apparatus of leaves in the early stages, which is due to the reduction of the electron acceptor pool. At later stages, the pathological process deepens, which worsens the photosynthetic activity of the leaves. The greater sensitivity of leguminous plants to mixed and bacterial infection was revealed, and the sensitivity of the plants Galega orientalis L. of the frst year of cultivation to the investigated phytopathogens was relatively high.

Key words: Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens, Acholeplasma laidlawii var. granulum 118, Medicago L., Galega orientalis L., photosynthetic apparatus, chlorophyll a fuorescence induction, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids.

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