Mikrobiol. Z. 2017; 79(6):41-54. Ukrainian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj79.06.041
Synthesis of Extracellular Auxins by Pathogenic for Legumes Bacteria
Belongs to the Genus Pseudomonas Under Different Conditions of Cultivation
Dankevich L.A.
Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine
154 Akad. Zabolotny Str., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
Aim. The quantity and quality composition of extracellular auxin synthesized by pathogenic for legumes bacteria belongs to the genus Pseudomonas in the absence or presence of precursor in the cultivation medium has been investigated. Materials and methods. The objects of study were isolated and collection strains are pathogenic for lupine not valid bacterial taxa − “Pseudomonas lupini” and “Pseudomonas xanthochlora” as well as collections and typical strains of pathogenic bacteria for legume bacteria belongs to genus Pseudomonas. Pathogenic properties were studied using phytopathological and microbiological methods. To determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of auxin in the culture liquid of pathogenic bacteria were performed using physico-chemical methods. Results. The diference between spectrum of synthesized auxins by pathogens for legumes representatives of the genus Pseudomonas under diferent culture conditions and its quantity has been found. It has been shown that most “P. lupini” strains and typical representatives of pathogenic for legumes species P. syringae and P. savastanoi synthesize a wide range of indole compounds. Instead, the most strains of “P. xanthochlora” and the typical strain of P. marginalis pv. marginalis 9175T synthesized mainly signifcant amounts of indole-3-acetic and indole-3-carboxylic acids. The quantity of synthesized by studied strains auxin associated with range of afected plants and the level of its aggressiveness on the host plants. Conclusions. In the absence of auxin precursor synthesis − tryptophan basic synthesis of indole compounds by most studied strains remains, indicating that the plasticity of their metabolism. The relation between the ways of interaction with the plant and the quantity and quality of synthesized auxin has been found. It has been established that the level of auxin synthesis by studied bacteria that cause disease legumes, correlated with their pathogenic properties.
Key words: phytopathogenic bacteria, “P. lupini”, “P. xanthochlora”, auxins, indole-3-acetic acid.
Full text (PDF, in Ukrainian)
- Woodward AW, Bartel B. Auxin: regulation, action and interaction. Annals of Botany. 2005; 95(5): 707-735. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci083
- Mano Y, Nemoto K. The pathway of auxin biosynthesis in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany. 2012; 63(8): 2853-2872. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers091
- Spaepen S, Vanderleyden J, Remans R. Indole-3-acetic acid in microbial and microorganism - plant signaling. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2007; 31(4): 425-448. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2007.00072.x
- Spaepen S, Vanderleyden J. Auxin and plant-microbe interactions. Cold spring harbor perspectives in biology. 2011; 3(4): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a001438
- Jameson PE. Cytokinins and auxins in plant-pathogen interactions − an overview. Plant Growth Regulation. 2000; 32(2): 369−380. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010733617543
- Fu J, Wang Sh. Insights into auxin signaling in plant-pathogen interactions. Frontiers in plant science. 2011; 2: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2011.00074
- Glickmann E, Gardan L, Jacquet S, Hussain S, Elasri M, Petit A, Dessaux Y. Auxin production is a common feature of most pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. 1998; 11(2): 156-162. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI.1998.11.2.156
- Nafisi M, Fimognari L, Sakuragi Y. Interplays between the cell wall and phytogor - mones in interaction between plants and necrotrophic pathogens. Phytochemistry. 2015; 112: 63-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.11.008
- Darley CP, Forrester AM, McQueen-Mason SJ. The molecular basis of plant cell wall extension. Plant Mol. Biol. 2001; 47(1): 179-195. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010687600670
- Lindow Steven E, Brandl Maria T. Microbiology of the phyllosphere. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003; 69(4): 1875–1883. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.4.1875-1883.2003
- Niño-Liu DO, Ronald PC, Bogdanove AJ. Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars: model pathogens of a model crop. Mol Plant Pathol. 2006; 7(5): 303-324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2006.00344.x
- Gottig N, Garavaglia BS, Garofalo CG, Orellano EG, Ottado J. A filamentous hemagglutinin-like protein of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, the phytopathogen responsible for citrus canker, is involved in bacterial virulence. PLoS ONE; 2009; 4(2) e4358: 1-13.
- Chen Z, Agnew JL, Cohen JD, He P, Shan L, Sheen J, Kunkel BN. Pseudomonas syringae type III effector AvrRpt2 alters Arabidopsis thaliana auxin physiology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007; 104(50): 20131-20136. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0704901104
- Boivin S, Fonouni-Farde C, Frugie F. How auxin and cytokinin phytohormones modulate root microbe interactions. Frontiers in plant science. 2016; 7: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01240
- Lindow SE, Desurmont C, Elkins R, McGourty G, Clark E, Brandl MT. Occurrence of indole-3-acetic acid-producing bacteria on pear trees and their association with fruit russet. Bacteriology. 1998; 88(11): 1149–1157. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.11.1149
- Dankevych LA. [Phenotypical and genotypical characteristics of the pathogen in lupine bacterial brown spottiness]. Mirobiol. Zh. 2006; 68(6): 20-27. Ukrainian.
- Methodical recommendations by phytohormones definition. Kyiv: Inst. of Botany of NASU. 1988. Russian.
- Leonova NO, Dankevich LA, Dragovoz IV, Patyka VF, Iutynska GO. [Synthesis of extracellular phytohormones-stimulators by nodule bacteria and bacteria phytopathogenic for soybean]. Reports of the NASU. 2013; 3: 165–171. Ukrainian.
- Fett WF., Osman SF., Dunn MF. Auxin production by plant-pathogenic Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas. Applied and Enviromental microbiology. 1987; 53(8): 1839-1845.
- Hwang MSH., Morgan RL, Sarkar SF, Wang PW, Guttman DS. Phylogenetic characterization of virulence and resistance phenotypes of Pseudomonas syringae. Applied and environmental microbiology. 2005; 71(9): 5182–5191. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.9.5182-5191.2005
- Mazzola M, White FF. A mutationin the indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis pathway of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae affects growth in Phaseolus vulgaris and syringomycin production. Journal of Bacteriology. 1994; 176(5): 1374-1382. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.176.5.1374-1382.1994
- Dankevych LA. [Phylogenetic analysis of lupines bacterial wet rot − “Pseudomonas xanthochlora”]. Mirobiol. Zh. 2011; 73(6): 20-24. Ukrainian.