Mikrobiol. Z. 2017; 79(6):28-40. Ukrainian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj79.06.028

The Features of Functional-Enzymatic Directivity of Microbial Biome
In Agrocenoses of Sugar Beet

Patyka M.V.1, Borko Yu.P.2, Ibatullin І.І.1, Kolodiazhnyi O.Yu.1, Tanchyk S.P.1,

1National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
13 Heroyiv Oborony Str., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine

2Institute of Agriculture, NAAS of Ukraine
2-B Mashynobudivnikyv Str., Chabany, Kyiv region, 08162, Ukraine

The aim was to defne the enzymatic activity of chernozem typical, humus content in it and to evaluate the directivity of microbial processes in the sugar beet rhizosphere at the diferent agromeasures. Methods. The humus content has been defned by the Turin method in Simakov modifcation, the taxonomic structure of prokaryotes of soil microbiome  – by the pyrosequencing method. Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity have been estimated by Galstyan in Chunderova modifcation, invertase – by Kuprevych and Shcherbakova, directivity of microbial processes in the soil – by the using of appropriate coefcients. Results. The enzymatic activity of typical chernozem and directivity of microbial processes in the sugar beet rhizosphere are depend on the phase of culture ontogenesis and agromeasures. Have been established, that the biological system of agriculture on the background of surface soil tillage, in comparison with other agromeasures, contributes to the increase of humus content and enzymatic activity of soil. The application of biological agrarian system causes to increase in the microbial diversity in the rhizosphere of sugar beet, compared with the intensive system, in which is observed the impoverishment of prokaryotes of typical chernozem. It has established that the synthesis processes of organic matter are dominated above destruction at the biological and ecological agrarian systems, whereas the increasing of microbial assimilation of nutrients from the soil are at the intensive system. The intensity of the microbial transformation of organic matter was increased in the direction from intensive to biological agrarian systems. Conclusions. The application of ecological and biological agrarian systems, unlike intensive promotes the increase of enzymatic activity of soil, species diversity of microbiota, to optimize the humus accumulation and progress of organic compounds transformation processes.

Key words: microbial processes, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, invertase, humus, metagenome, typical chernozem, rhizosphere, sugar beet, agromeasures.

Full text (PDF, in Ukrainian)

  1. Andronov E.E., Pinaev A.G., Pershina E.V. Nauchno-metodicheskie rekomendatsii po vydeleniyu vysokoochishchennykh preparatov DNK iz obektov okruzhayushchey sredy. GNU VNIISKhM, 2011.
  2. Ayupov Z.Z., Sidorova L.V., Anokhina N.S., Minnebaeva I.F., Gareev N.I. Organicheskoe veshchestvo i fermentativnaya aktivnost chernozema vyshchelochennogo v zavisimosti ot priemov osnovnoy obrabotki i udobreniya. Vestnik Bashkirskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2010; 2:11–15.
  3. Borko Yu.P., Patyka M.V., Kolodyazhnyi O.Yu. Mikrobnyi tsenoz chornozemu typovoho za biolohichnoi ta intensyvnoi system zemlerobstva. Zemlerobstvo. 2016; 1:58-63.
  4. Gadzalo Ya.M., Patyka N.V., Zarishnyak A.S. Agrobiologiya rizosfery rasteniy: monografiya. Kyiv: Agrarna nauka, 2015.
  5. Horodniy M.M., Lisoval A.P., Bykin A.V., Serdyuk A.H.; Kalenskyi V.P. Ahrokhimichnyi analiz. Kyiv: Aristey, 2007.
  6. Hulko A.E., Khaziev F.Kh. Fenoloksidazy pochv: produtsirovanie, immobilizatsiya, aktivnost. Pochvovedenie. 1992; 11:55–67.
  7. DSTU 3750–98. Mikrobiolohiya gruntu. Terminy ta vyznachennya. 01.07.1999.
  8. Zvyagintseva O.V., Maksimova E.V., Makurina O.N. Dinamika tsellyulozorazlagayushchey, invertaznoy i polifenoloksidaznoy aktivnosti pochvennoy mikroflory Samarskoy oblasti. Vestnik Samarskogo GU. Estestvennonauchnaya seriya. 2006; 9(49):138–144.
  9. Mekich M.Z., Dzhura N.M, Terek O.I. Funktsionalne i prykladne znachennya biolohichnoi aktyvnosti gruntu. Biolohichni studii. 2013; 7(3):247–258.
  10. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po provedeniyu issledovaniy v dlitelnykh opytakh s udobreniyami. (Metodika provedeniya opytov i analiz pochv). Pod obshch. red. akad. VASKhNIL V.D. Vannikova. Moscow, 1975. Ch. 1.
  11. Moskalevska Yu.P., Patyka M.V. Aktyvnist mikrobnoho biomu chornozemu typovoho v posivakh buryakiv tsukrovykh za riznykh tekhnolohiy vyroshchuvannya. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats NNTs «Instytut zemlerobstva NAAN». 2014; 4:39–45.
  12. Moskalevska Yu.P., Patyka M.V. Biolohichna aktyvnist ta mikrobna transformatsiya orhanichnoi rechovyny chornozemu typovoho za riznykh system zemlerobstva. Naukovo-praktychnyi zhurnal «Zbalansovane pryrodokorystuvannya». 2014; 2:68–72.
  13. Moskalevska Yu.P., Patyka M.V. Strukturno-funktsionalne formuvannya metahenomu prokariot ryzosfery buryaku tsukrovoho v chornozemi typovomu. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats NNTs «Instytut zemlerobstva NAAN». 2014; 1–2:69–76.
  14. Patyka N.V., Patyka V.F. Agrobiologiya mikroorganizmov: raznoobrazie, strukturnaya organizatsiya i funktsionalnye osobennosti. Mizhnarodna naukova konferentsiya «Mikrobiologiya ta imunologiya – perspektivi rozvitku v KhKhI stolitti». Tezi dopovidey. Kyiv, 2014. P. 77–78.
  15. Raskova N.V. Aktivnost i svoystva peroksidazy i polifenoloksidazy v dernovo-podzolistykh pochvakh pod. lesnymi biotsenozami. Pochvovedenie. 1995; 11:1363-1368.
  16. Tanchyk S.P., Demidov O.A., Manko Yu.P. Ekolohichna systema zemlerobstva v Lisostepu Ukrainy. Metodychni rekomendatsii dlya vprovadzhennya u vyrobnytstvo. Kyiv: NUBiP Ukrainy, 2011.
  17. Titova V.I., Kozlov A.V. Metody otsenki funktsionirovaniya mikrobotsenoza pochvy, uchastvuyushchego v transformatsii organicheskogo veshchestva: Nauchno-metodicheskoe posobie. Nizhniy Novgorod: Nizhegorodskaya s.-kh. akademiya, 2012.
  18. Tuev N.A. Mikrobiologicheskie protsessy gumusoobrazovaniya. Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1989.
  19. Gianfreda L., Rao M., Piotrowska A., Palumbo G., Colombo C. Soil enzyme activities as affected by anthropogenic alterations: intensive agricultural practices and organic pollution. Science of the Total Environment. 2005; P. 265–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.005
  20. Ronaghi M. Pyrosequencing: a tool for DNA sequencing analysis. Methods of Molecular Biology. 2004; 255:211–219.