Mikrobiol. Z. 2016; 78(4):59-70. Ukrainian.
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj78.04.059
Formation and Functioning of Symbiotic Systems and Rhizosphere Microbiocenisis
of Soybean under Various Fungicides Application
Vozniuk S.V.1, Tytova L.V.1, Ratushinska O.V.2, Iutynska G.O.1
1Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, NAS of Ukraine
154 Akad. Zabolotny Str., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
2Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
2 Acad. Hlushkov Av., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine
The Relevance. At the recent years in soybean crops the quantity of plant pathogenic fungi has increased. The fungicides of systemic and contact action have been applicated intensively against of them. After introducing into the soil fungicides and/or their degradation products can to disrupt the activities of non-target objects – beneficial soil microorganisms, inhibit nodulation process and the nitrogen-fixing activity of diazotrophs. The purpose of the work was to investigate the impact of combined application of fungicides with inoculation on the soybean symbiotic system and rhizosphere microorganisms. The Methods. The microbiological and statistical methods, gas chromatography method. The Results. Inoculation of seeds by the highly active Bradyrhizobium japonicum UCM B-6035, UCM B-6018 and UCM B-6023 strains the activity of nitrogen-fixing symbiotic systems increased by 1.4 - 3.4 times in comparison with the variant without of fungicides application and bacterization. Seed treatment by Vitavaks 200 FF fungicide caused a decrease of nitrogen-fixing activity of rhizobia industrial strains in symbiosis with soybean by 3 - 5 times. The seeds inoculation by B. japonicum UCM B-6035 strain promoted to reduce the negative impact of the Maxim Star 025 FS fungicide on the nitrogenase activity of nodulation apparatus. The positive effect of seeds bacterization was observed in the increase of the quantity of rhizosphere microorganisms of main ecological trophic groups. In the variant with seed treatment by Maxim Star 025 FS and Kinto duo fungicides was found a decrease in the number of microorganisms of studied groups in comparison with the control variant; the Vitavaks 200 FF fungicide application promoted to improve of these microorganisms development compared with the variant without the fungicides application and bacterization. At the inoculation of rhizobia industrial strains the negative effect of the Maxim Star 025 FS and Kinto duo fungicides to oligoazotrophic and prototrophic microorganisms was not observed. The Conclusion. The symbiotic system of variant with the combined application of the Kinto duo fungicide with B. japonicum UCM B-6023 strain characterized by the highest nodulation and nitrogen-fixing activity.
Key words: fungicides, inoculation, soybean, rhizobia, symbiosis, nodulation process, nitrogen-fixing activity, rhizosphere, microbiocenosis.
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